Heater for cooling systems



R. ELLIS.

HEATER FOR COOLN G SYSTEMS.

`\tc=n 2,

28`-yapo`rizing the gasolenc and UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

RIIJSDALE ELLIS, 01 OAI( PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO PAUL CARPENTER., 01

' gGLENVEW, ILLINOIS.

HEATER roacootma SYSTEMS. Y

Speciiloation o! Letters liatent.

Patented July 6, 1920.

Application/med January 25, 1,917, Serial 110,144324. Renewedr October31, 1919. Serial No. 334,883.

Toall'whom) it may concern:

Be it known that I RmspnLaEpLIs, va subject of the Kin ol Great Britainand Ireland, and a resi entof Oak Park,m the county ofCook and State df.lllin'ois, have ,invented certain new and iuseful Improvements inHeaters for Coolin 'Systems, of which the following is a speci cationt QThisinvention relates in general to -lmprovements in warming means for-water cooling systems and is particularly useful in connection withinternal combustion engipesA having water coolingsystems includlngwaterjacket and radiator elements. Trouble frequently arises whenautomobiles having water-cooled engines are allowed to stand in unheatedgarages orat the curb m ,Verycold weather owing to the gradual coolingof thejwater in the radiator or waterjacket, and the subsequent freezingthereof. Apart from the possible freezing of the water another troublearises from theexcessive cooling` of'tlie engine, namely, difficulty instarting the engine owing to diiiidltyin maintaining it in the vaporizedstate. I

The principal objects of m present invention are to provide improve(means for preventing the water in a cooling system from freezing; toprovide means whereby the normal thermal flow of water from the waterjacket to the radiator andback is main-V tained after the engine hasstopped running; to provide means for adjusting the amount of heatsupplied to the cooling system of the engine according to thetemperature of the' water in the system; to provide means for preventingthe temperature of the water 4in the engine water-jacket fallin` below.a oonstant minimum temperature a r' the engine has stopped runnin toprovide means for heating the liquid uelsupplied on starting the engine;to provide means for heating the air su plied on starting; the engine;Aand to provi e means for', supplyin heat to the water, liquid fuel andan' in ependently or simultaneously by energy, which may'previusly havebeen taken from the engine while running.

In attaining these and other objects and advantages to be hereinafterset forth I have provided a construction one embodiment of which is,illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which 'Figure 1 is aside'view of the engine and associated parts bf an automobile to whichmyamprovements ha'vebeen applied; and

ig. 2 is a vertical section through a carbureter constructed inaccordance present invention.

Referring now to the drawings, l repre Sents the water jacket of anautomobile eugme, 2 the radiator and 3 the bonnet or hood.

Vater from the water throu hthe juptake 2, flexible connection with myjaclget l passes 2 an pipe 4. to the upper part of the radiator. Taterleaves the radiator by the pipe 5 which is connected to the centrifugalpump 6 by means of Vflexible connection 8 and pipe 7. The water leavesthe centrifugal pump by the pipe 9 to which the pipes l0 and 11 areconnected by means of a Tfjoint.

In using an automobile in cold weather two things are desirable, first,that the Water in the radiator and waterjacketbe kept from freezing, andsecond, that the carbureter and the parts associated therewith be warm4enough to enable the engine to be started without an excessive amount ofwork In order to satisfy the first of these requirements, it is onlynecessary that the water be kept just above freezing. To satisfy thesecond requirement, however, the temperature of the carbureter shouldpreferably not be lower than 50 F. Evidently it requires considerablemore energy to maintain the temperature` of the water in theWater-jacket and the radiator at 50 F. instead of, say 34 F. On theother hand it requires relatively little energy to heat the air and liuid fuel admitted to the carbureter for a rief period while starting theen gine. Consequently so far as energy oonsumption is concerned asatisfactory arrangement would bevone in which the water would be justkept abofe freezing, while separate means are provided for heating theair and gasolene sufficiently on starting to .secure a good mixture.

' beater is provided for the extra vair ln order to satisfy theserequirements as far as may be, provide an electric heater for the waterwhich is thermostatically thrown into operation whenever thetemperatureof the water approaches a predetermined value, which, inorder to Save power, may ('(mvenicntly be just above freezing point.

u order to secure easy starting, I also provide electric heaters foreither or preferably both the air and liquid fuel admitted to thecarbureter. These yheaters will be thrown into operation immediatelyprior to the starting of the engine. In this way a minimum consumptionof energy is obtained. This conservation of energy is particularlyimportant `Vin connection with an electric heating system operated fromthe storage battery of a car for the reason that the amount of ener inthe battery is never large and a relatively large `quant1ty of electrical energy Vis needed to produce a relatively small heating effect onthe water.

For heating the water I have provided an electric heater 12 connected atits lower end by the pipe 14 to the intake side of the pump L'-, and atthe upper end by pipe 15 to the lowern rear corner-lof the water-jacket.The pipe 115 is connected to the lower rear cor ner of the jacket inorder to give as complete a circulation of the water throu h the systemas a whole as is possible. T e current is passed through the electricheater 12 from the storage batte 16 of the car whenever the temperatureo the water in the pipe 7 is low enough to operate the thermostaticswitch or circuit closer 17. This thermostat is arranged in the pipeleading to the radiator through the pump as this is the coldest part ofthe whole water cooling system in order to insure that the thermostatwill always operate before any part of the watercooling system commencesto freeze.

The carburetor shown in Fig. 2 is characterized by the provision of aheater 13 for the air and a heater 18 for the gasolene. The carburetercomprises a throttle 19, Venturi tube 20, jet 21, oat chamber 22 andauxiliary air valve 23. The beater 13 is arranged between the lower partof the Veutu ri tube and the curved air inlet 24 which is normallyattached directly to the lower part of the Venturi tube. This part 24;has been dropped in order to allow the heater to be spaced between itand `the Venturi tube. No valve ason starting this ir valve does notnecessarily open.

The heater 13 consists of two annular disks 25 with acircular aperturein their center portions of a diameter equal to the greatest diameter ofthe Venturi tube. A ridge 26 is. arranged across this aperture in orderto support a core'271rthe purpose or may be drawn upwardl f which willbe described below. Between these annular' rings 25 a thin metal tube 2His arranged, on the outside of which a resistance wire 29 is coiled.Outside of this resistance wire is arranged a lagging 30. As the tube Q8is of very thin metal heat from the resistance coil will pass readilytherethrough, while the lagging 30 prevents heat being radiated orconducted away into the surrounding atmosphere. Une purpose of the core27 preferably of non-heat-conducting material) is to cause the air toflow in proximity to the heating tube 28. Another function of the core27 is to provide a strong,

rigid connection between the annular rings 25 so that the tube 28 may bemade very thin so as to ass heat readily therethrough without wea eningthe strength of tbe heater as a whole. The ends of the resistance wireare connected to terminals 31 at each end of the heater to whichterminals connection is made from the storage battery 16 of the car,through a switch preferably arranged on the dash-board.

For heating the gasolene a heater 18 is provided of a similarconstruction to that of the heater 13 except that no core is provided.Termnals 32 (one not shown) are provided on each side of the heater 18for connecting the latter to the battery 16. Yreferably the heaters 13and 18 are conuerted in parallel-with the switch in series with both sothat they are brought into and out of operation simultaneously. Y

The heater 12 for the water is preferably constructed in similar mannertothe beater I3.

l To conserve heat asfar as possible means are provided for preventingflow of ai;` through the radiator. For this purpose a spring rollercurtain 33 is provided which across the front of the radiatorby a cor 34passing over a pulley 35 and fastened by a cleat 36 on the dash-board. A

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what 1 claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a watencooledinternal combustion engine the combination of a water cooling system, acarbureter, means forheating the water after the engine has stoppedrunning and means for heating the air admitted to` the carburetor to aidthe vaporization 4and reducc` ithe condensation of liquid fuel onstartingthe engine.

V2."In a water cooled internal combustion engine the combination of awater cooling system, a carbureter, ymeans for heating the In testimonywhereof I have hereunto' si ned my name in the presence of the. two

su soribing witnesses.

RIDSDALE ELLIS.

Witnesses:

LOUIS S. COLE,

WILLIAM' GoLDERGEn.

